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 VAZ-2108 VAZ-2108 «Sputnik»/Samara - car-door переднеприводный car with a body type hatchback. Designed and serially produced at the Volga automobile plant in 1984 and 2003. Was a basic model of the family of models Lada «Sputnik». C of 2003 on the conveyor belt replaced by the car model VAZ-2113. History Peredneprivodnaya scheme has long attracted to road constructors, but mass migration in the world on such models only began in the mid-1970s. Even in the conditions of the European road network distributing be hampered by poor drafting of a design and technology nodes wheel drive, steering, suspension of the power unit. However, cross the location of the power unit and the front of the drive wheels when the then existing level of development of the technology is already allowed to make a small car more compact and lighter than usual. Project of the front wheel drive car began to be developed Volzhsky automobile plant in 1971. From 1971 to 1977 at the plant was designed and built several prototypes of front wheel drive cars. Design of VAZ-2108 launched in may 1977. on February 17, 1978, the Ministry of automobile industry of the USSR approved technical project of vases for a family of two-wheel drive cars. By this time the factory was already quite Mature concept of the future car. The first prototype of a VAZ-2108 was ready in the end of 1978, and in February of 1979 began his laboratory tests. Some units and aggregates of VAZ-2108 were developed jointly with Western companies Porsche and UTS (cooperation VAZ and Porsche). Archived from the original source of March 1, 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2012.. Officially on creation in Togliatti new model of a car announced the Minister of The automotive industry. Mr.. Of poles in his speech at the XXVI Congress of the CPSU in February 1981. He said that in the eleventh five-year plan on the VAZ will be created machine with front wheel drive, which is not connected in design and technology with the «Жигулями» classic layout. Production of the first batch of 2000 commodity cars was started in the fourth quarter of 1984, and in the first half of 1985 cars started to arrive in the shops. VAZ-2108 - passenger cars of a small class with a drive to the front wheels and a transverse engine. Produced the Volga automobile plant. A car VAZ-2108 first appeared in 1984. This model is the трехдверным body hatchback has become a truly landmark event not only for the Volga automobile plant, but also for domestic motor-car enthusiasts. Was offered to call her on the domestic market - "Companion", but the name didn't stick, and in the end, was confirmed export - "Samara". Model VAZ-2108 Satellite/Lada Samara marked the beginning of mass production of the country two-wheel drive cars. The car turned out, of course, more reliable in the management, secure and cost-effective in comparison with the classical "Жигулями". Corrosion resistance of the body is also become an objective better.In the novelty of it all: peredneprivodnaya the layout of the body of the hatchback, transverse engine, contactless ignition system, suspension type McPherson, rack and pinion steering, turn the drive clutch, plastic absorbing bumpers. Cars of the first issues of suffering, as is customary, the "childhood diseases", which the plant изживал directly in the course of production, on consumers. Especially annoyed when the short-lived and very scarce components electronic ignition system (especially early model of the switch 36.3734). However, carburetors type - "Солекс" particularly relax not allowed to (and do not give up to now), not to mention the current racks, wear and covers the joint boots, "clattering" front panel and the upholstery of interior and unreliable design of the door lock. Partially with some faults in the later editions were able to cope with, for example, самоотворачиванием nuts front hubs and cliff clutch cable, but most of the problems successfully continue to poison the life of the owners of "Samar". However, creak and crack, which publishes the upholstery and the panel can talk about the improper use (overload, which led body) or on the loose прилегании panels upholstery to правленому after the accident the body. Despite the wide doors, the output and the input on the rear triple seat difficult. This circumstance, as a rule, shall be interpreted in favor of a certain image of youth sportiness, even though in all the world, this is, rather, a sign of "a car for Housewives" (cheaper and safer when transporting small children - are reeled). Salon complement the гобеленовыми anatomic seats with a sufficient margin for adjustments in three directions, an upholstery of doors defects are not suffer, how, and other peripherals in the passenger compartment (though and begin to "accompany" already after a short run). Among the annoying little things occur such as the lack of head restraints for rear seat and ashtrays, inconvenience access to safety belts of the front seats (too far shifted back rack of a body), the high location of the edge of the trunk. The spare wheel is located in the niche of the trunk. Capacity of the Luggage increases with the rear seat folded (unfortunately, she don't get the parts, and does not take until the end of the horizontal position, which does not allow to carry really bulky objects). The machine is equipped with a-line 4-cylinder petrol engines. Initially the basic engine the VAZ-2108 was taken 1,3-litre 65-strong (VAZ-2108) with a four-speed gearbox. It is distinguished by the correct and timely maintenance of sufficient reliability. He can without problems go 150 thousand km (in case of not racing temperament of the owner). The only thing we will have to accept, so it is with frequent replacement of oil filter and the need to service the ignition and control valves only a HUNDRED.Modification of VAZ-21083, produced since 1987, is equipped with карбюраторным engine of cubic capacity of 1,5L. VAZ-21083i - injection engine working volume 1.5l. A little later, for export to some countries, started production of modification of VAZ-21081 with in-line 4-cylinder petrol 1,1-liter 53-strong not too temperamental engine. In 1996 issue of this modification completed. In 1990 there was held the restyling of the front part, which resulted in the "eight" has acquired some form of wings and got rid of the notorious "beak". For the version with separate "beak" in front of and "short-wing" (until 1991 issue) giving way to models of VAZ-21083 with a "long wing". Quite a lot of proposals for the sale of VAZ-21081 and VAZ-21083 with Velor salon and more convenient panel "Lux" with tachometer and Shuttle computer (standard for sedans VAZ-21099 and versions with injection engines), which are also set for the cars that were in the accident (to fetch a shove). It should be wary of proposals young car owners about the sale of non-standard machines 6-7 years ago, filled with a variety of accessories and "music". However, in recent years a number of small aftermarket firms, already turning the "group of eight" in almost coupe." Especially popular replacing serial racks for imported gas-filled, refinement of engines, etc. In his time a bad design "beak" has brought to life a whole stratum of small firms and фирмочек, who tried to produce the different overhead decoration details, менявшие unsuccessful appearance of "eight". There are a number of models, which by its characteristics do not differ from the basic models, but because of differences in the arrangement of the components and units received their own indices. Export versions, produced for the UK - VAZ-21086, VAZ-21087, VAZ-21088. This counterparts respectively models VAZ-2108, VAZ-21081, VAZ-21083, but with a right-hand arrangement of the steering column. Accordingly changed the location of the pedals control and vacuum brake booster. Changed the algorithm for the motion of the windscreen wipers windshield. They move from left to right, because of the 'mirror' drive mechanism janitors. For ads occasionally convertibles Western production with injection engines (Natasna, Bohemia Cabrio). Sometimes offer models with the right wheel from the UK (such machines are factory indices: 21086 with 1.3 l engine; 21087 - 1.1 liters; 21088 - 1.5 liters). Comes also double the van VAZ-2108Ф (VAZ-1706) Shuttle (the name speaks for itself) with the plastic roof (the total height of 1900 mm) and the cargo compartment volume of 2.2 cubic meters. Its load-carrying capacity of 450 kg, and loading height due to the original design of the rear doors is reduced to 550 mm.Now you can select the variants with different panels of instruments ("high" or "low"), with the fuel injection system and a variety of additional equipment. The latest novelty - installed at the factory on the part of the system of protection of vehicles against theft. This, in General, a good car, even after more than 15 years, the issue remains popular among buyers, mainly owing to the low price, good drivers characteristics and availability of repair. In 1998 on the basis of models 21083 and 21213 was developed SUV VAZ-210834 Lada Tarzan of the apes, in 2000, VAZ-210832 Satellite / Samara. Since 2001, it adopted a new program bundling models: options for a car with a карбюраторным engine: "standard" (VAZ-21083-00), "norm" (VAZ-21083-01) and "Lux" (VAZ-21083-02). In the model range of JSC "AVTOVAZ" 2001-2002 presented modification of VAZ-21083 with карбюраторным and впрысковым engines. Description of design  Cars VAZ-2108, VAZ-2109 and modifications on their basis it is first of all переднеприводные
cars. Their layout scheme is characterized by the front and lateral arrangement
of the powertrain (engine in the collection of the transmission, the
transmission and differential). From him the torque is transmitted to the front
wheels with shaft of unequal length, the ends of which are installed joints of
equal angular velocity. The front wheels place a high stability of the vehicle against the side of a skid. The coincidence of the direction of the force on the front drive wheels with the direction of motion of the wheel provide the vehicle of the good handling, maneuverability and passability, especially on slippery and icy roads. Peredneprivodnaya layout, compared with заднеприводной, you can better use the length of the car and reduce its weight, to make it convenient salon and landing of the driver and passengers. Increases the capacity of the car without increasing its size. This is explained by the fact that there are no intermediate links transmission (floating transmission, rear axle) and therefore not required to cover the transmission, which occupied a large space in the zone of the feet to the rear wheel drive cars, and a large tunnel on the floor for the driveline. In two-wheel drive cars in the small tunnel floor is located only exhaust system and the drive of the Parking brake. Very compact and the rear of the car. The fuel tank of 20 is located under the rear seat, and the spare wheel 14 in a niche in the boot floor. Thanks to this, a considerable volume of the Luggage compartment. Wedge-shape of the body to improve its aerodynamic characteristics, i.e. reduce the air resistance when driving a car. This contributes to the smooth external surface of the body, a large slope of the front and rear glass, as well as the smooth transition of the outside surface of the front bumper in forming the surface of the body.Low aerodynamic resistance, a new, more efficient engine, as well as the installation of new tyres with low rolling resistance, allowed to obtain low fuel consumption. With a decrease in fuel consumption is closely linked reducing vehicle weight, for each kilogram of weight of the car is about 20 g of fuel per 100 km. Weight reduction promoted as peredneprivodnaya the layout of the vehicle (no heavy rear axle and driveline), and the rational power scheme of the body, the widespread use of lightweight plastics and new construction materials. Of plastics are made of the bumper, a variety of housings, the details of the heater, facing of the passenger compartment and Luggage compartment. The mass of details from plastic up to 80 kg. The radiator and many of the details of transmission is also made of aluminium alloys, which also helped reduce weight and power unit, and a car as a whole. The engine. The car is equipped with the new engine specifically designed for transverse location, for which the maximum reduced its length. The selection of optimum combustion process, timing and shape of the combustion chamber and gas channels all this would bring the degree of compression in the engine to 9.9. In combination with the new carburetor, and contactless ignition system of this improved the efficiency of the engine. System the engine cooling liquid of the closed type with forced circulation of the fluid. The coolant pump of the original construction, is located in front of the cylinder block and set in motion the belt drive of camshaft. Radiator aluminum with plastic tanks. Lubrication system of the engine has an original oil pump with gears internal mesh. The pump is located at the front end of the crankshaft and does not have any additional drive. The oil filter is unified with the applied on the car VAZ-2105. In the system of power is the fuel filter of thin clearing. To stabilize the pressure at the inlet to the carburetor is provided reverse fuel branch to drain the excess fuel back into the tank. Use a new carburetor, providing cost-effective mixing of the different modes of engine operation. The ignition of the engine electronic non-contact. Proximity sensor to the sensor valve ignition is built on using Hall effect, correction angle of ignition advance mechanical, at the expense of centrifugal and vacuum controllers. Electronic ignition system improves the stability of the motor at low speed and improves its efficiency.Transmission of a car is simple, compact and нядежна. It is United in a single bundle, consisting of the clutch and the gearbox with the transmission and differential. The compactness of this unit allowed to arrange the power unit across the car and implement driving the front wheels directly from the gearbox that allows the most rational use of the power of the engine and reduces fuel consumption. Transmission kept high reliability and availability of the previous models and at the same time reduced the total weight and the level of noise. Gearbox made by twin-shaft concrete scheme. All transfers of the forward synchronized. Most of the gearbox is available in пятиступенчатом performance, but provides for the production and четырехступенчатых transmissions. The use of the transmission stocks of motor oil reduces the losses in the transmission of the torque and facilitates starting car in the winter time. Traction single-disk dry with диафрагменной actuating spring and with a high wear resistance of friction linings. Drive clutch cable, which makes it easier. In the actuator are no gaps, and bearing clutch constantly поджат to диафрагменной spring with an effort 5-7 kg. Suspension wheels. The car used a fundamentally new suspension 27 of the front wheels type of "oscillating candle", also called by the name of the inventor of the suspension "McPherson". Spring in such a suspension is located actually on the rotary machine and loaded less than in the suspension of the two is of lever type. The suspension is only one lever lower. Suspension is compact and has a small массу. the large movement of the wheels and more elastic. Scrub radius front axle negative, since the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the wheels on the road-bed lies beyond the outside of the vehicle. This improves the stability of the vehicle during braking, when the left and right wheels have different grip with the road-bed, and also reduces the impact of traction forces on the steering control. Suspension of the front wheels is well correlated with the rear suspension 19 of the two swinging in the longitudinal plane of the levers, the United among themselves cross-bar, playing the part of a stabilizer. Elastic element on the rear axle as well as at the front, are coil springs. Steering control. With a cross-arrangement of the powertrain and suspension of the front wheels of the type "McPherson" well linked steering 25 with rack steering mechanism. It does not require intermediate levers, compact and simple in design. Rods are joined to the Central part of the steering mechanism that allowed to simplify the design of the steering wheel drive, as well as apply only two ball joints. This type of steering control provides a little effort on the steering wheel (9-12 kg).The braking system has an effective front disc and rear drum brakes. Brakes drive with vacuum, double-circuit, diagonally split circuits. One circuit serves brake mechanisms of the left front and right rear wheels, the other the right front and left rear wheels. Such separation of the circuit is the most simple and meets the requirements on the effectiveness of the brakes in the event of failure of one of the circuits, when the car retains the rectilinear direction and lost not more than 50 percent of braking effectiveness. Exterior-door двухобъемный type "hatchback". It combines the versatility грузапассажирского body with rapid lines of a sports car. Luggage compartment separated from the passenger compartment of a folding plastic rack mounted behind the rear seat. The body is easily transformed into a cargo-passenger version of the откидыванием forward seat and backrest the rear seat. Large side doors provide easy entry and exit of passengers, and the rear door facilitates loading and unloading of Luggage. Front anatomic seats with head restraints significantly increase the comfort. They, as well as the rear seat, made of foamed polyurethane with upholstery of knitted material. The mechanism for stepless adjustment allows you to smoothly adjust the angle of the backrest of the front seats. In addition, the front seats can be moved back and forth as to selection of an optimal their location, and for ensuring a comfortable fit the passengers in the back seat. Owing to exhaustion of power schemes body frame achieved a high body strength and a "soft" dissipation of the impact energy in the event of an accident. So in a frontal impact on fixed barrier at a speed of about 8O km/h windshield) remains in the doorway, the door can easily open up, and moving рулевою wheels in the salon does not exceed 90 mm. The power scheme of the body guarantees the preservation of the living space of the passenger compartment at the front, rear and side, when перевертывании on the roof. High corrosion resistance of the body is achieved, first of all, the use of steel with zinc coating on all of corrosion-hazardous parts: cross-beams of the floor, the details of the door sill, etc. Provided seal welds special mastic. Besides, the increase of corrosion resistance is achieved катафорезным soil, special treatment of the closed cavities and epoxy protective coating for the final processing of the body. Electrical equipment is almost completely original. In the devices and nodes is widely applied electronics and specialized integrated circuit (voltage regulator, switch the ignition system, alarm relays). The car is set малообслуживаемая or the maintenance free battery, compact starter handle collector, e-contactless ignition system, the system of built-in sensors with devices that monitors operation of the most important systems of the car. A new device эконометр, allowing you to choose the most economical mode of travel. Besides the control appliances, cars are equipped with a special system of diagnostics.Connector for inclusion of diagnostic equipment technical service stations located under the hood. It is connected with all the control points of the electrical system. Diagnosis system allows you to inspect the technical condition of the generator, voltage regulator, ignition, battery, etc. Electric windscreen wiper has three modes of operation of two permanent (but with different velocities of motion of the brush) and one of intermittent. On the part of the produced vehicles are set headlamp cleaners. To improve the work of cleaners is смыватель glass. Features of the device of the car VAZ-2109. The car VAZ-2109 differs from the car VAZ-2108 a five-door body, and small changes in the system of power of the engine. The motor is equipped with заборником cold air, hitting the air directly under the lining of the radiator. He изтовлен of polypropylene and mounted on the radiator of the cooling system of the engine. Intake is connected to the temperature of the air filter polypropylene duct body structure of the other forms, with two openings for the front and rear допрей. The front side of the door and their mechanisms have the same device, and the doors of the car VAZ-2108, the only difference is in size. The rear doors are like the design on the front, but not significantly different device locking the doors. Locks are not locked from the outside key and are equipped with additional lock against the opening of the lock from the inside. Rotate the lock is on the side of the door to the outside of the castle. If before closing the door move the lever down, then open the door from the inside will be impossible. It can only be opened outside the knob of the door. Technical
characteristics  Dimensions, mm length x width x height 4006x1620x1400 base 2460 The layout of the front engine leading wheels front Exterior-door hatchback Maximum speed, km/h 150 Engine VAZ-2108, gasoline, carburetor, in-line the number of cylinders 4 working volume 1289 cm3 number of valves 8 the location of the upper power, HP/kW 65/48 at 4800 rpm Gearbox four - or five-speed, since 1989 - a five-speed Suspension front independent, spring, type McPherson rear axle, spring Brakes hydraulic, with vacuum front disc rear drum Electrical Equipment 12 In Tire size 165R13, 165/70SR13 Modification Serial VAZ-2108 - basic model of the car with карбюраторным an engine capacity of 1.3 litres, 5 speed gearbox. VAZ-21081 - model with дефорсированным an engine capacity of 1.1 litres and a 4-speed gearbox. VAZ-21083 - model with an engine capacity of 1.5 litres and a 5 speed gearbox. VAZ-21083-20 - model with fuel-injected engine of 1.5 liter and 5 speed gearbox. VAZ-21086 - similar to the basic export model with the right arrangement of steering control. VAZ-21087 - similar models of VAZ-21081 export model with the right arrangement of steering control. VAZ-21088 - similar models of VAZ-21083 export model with the right arrangement of steering control. VAZ-2108-91 - model with two-section of the RPD VAZ-415 capacity of 140 HP., volume 1308 cm3. Experienced VAZ-210834 - In 1998 on the basis of models 21083 and 21213 was developed SUV VAZ-210834 - prototype Lada Tarzan VAZ-21084 - appearance is fully identical to the VAZ-2108, the engine volume-1600 cm3. Is an engine of VAZ-21083 with increased to a height of 1.2 mm unit, slightly modified the head and the new коленвалом and Cam. Produced by small series in the conditions of experimental-industrial production. VAZ-21085 - model with injection 16 valve engine VAZ 2112 of 1.5 liter and 5 speed gearbox. VAZ-2108 X - car - meter of the coefficient of adhesion of the runway. By order of Aeroflot was released 10 cars. Sources:
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