VAZ - 1922
VAZ - 1922 «MARCH» is a cross-country vehicle with the wheel formula 4x4 to the pneumatic wheel propulsions very low pressure, which is obtained with the help of assemblies, units of the SUV NIVA-21213.
Distinctive features of the body of this model: all-metal nature-door type, fitted on the frame of the UAZ-469 with the help of rubber cushions. In this area is also equipped with a gearbox, transfer box, engine mounts. There are two fuel tank with a capacity of 35 liters, which are placed on the right and the left part of the frame under the rapids of the body.
Удобнейший salon is designed for four people. However, to optimize the movement removed the back seat, which still can be arrange on request. Instead of such a seat put the spare wheel (deflated form). You have the ability to separately equipped with air conditioning, auxiliary heater, the flashing orange lights, as well as portable Faro-seeker. With the help of the hydraulic amplifier can facilitate and improve the management of супервездеходом. Периметрическая frame, in addition to the «нивовского» of the body, the bedroom is equipped with two tanks with a capacity for 45 liters. The area under the front suspension closed with the help of canvas valves. The "Niva" borrowed also 1,7-liter carburetor engine, transfer case with the presence of демультипликатора. The model UAZ-3151 borrowed leaf suspension. With a very soft wheels almost impossible to diagonal posting, however, there is a part time capacity.
Significant figures of the flotation, convenience, reliability and savings provide the vehicle effective movement regardless of weather conditions when the external temperature of at least -40 degrees C, and a maximum of +45 C, and as the sand surface, and in the snow, by impassable swamps, tundra, overcoming water barrier (with the help of large wheels-floats is not created even touch the thresholds of a body up to the water surface).
History of creation
In the 1980s in the USSR there was a surge of interest in вездеходам on low pressure - the huge soft wheels. First, a lot of home-made constructions of different sizes - from 3-wheeled, on the basis of motorcycles, to the huge 3 - and 4-осных trucks. On the demonstration of these off-road vehicles (also called the каракатами and пневмоходами) showed amazing things: moved fallen trees, cars, people (and without any harm for the latter). The secret is that the soft tyre With low air pressure creates a great spot touch and the weight of the vehicle on the unit плошали is very small. Many of пневмоходов can even swim through the supply of air in the wheels.
Eventually the hype died down. It turned out that пневмоход - not all-terrain vehicle, in the sense that not everywhere is equal to the situation. In the deep soft snow he goes too far and is stalled, and the hard road to it is not much going. The reverse side of the softness of Shin - валкость пневмохода, the tendency of the search, nod and swing.
However the car has taken its place in a number of means of transport of high passability, showing the maximum advantage of the weak grounds - in the tundra, in swamps, in the Sands. Use them geologists, rescue workers, fishermen and hunters.
VAZ-1922 «March» (франи. Marsh - marsh) - one of the most compact serial пневмохолов, created on the basis of a passenger car. Company manufactures armor subsidiary of the Vase, also known инкассаторскими cars on the basis of Lada 4x4.
Structurally, the «March» - a combination of units of VAZ, UAZ. The body and engine VAZ-2121 «Niva» is put on the rubber cushions to the frame of the UAZ-469. For it is mounted transmission and transfer case, as well as leaf suspension UAZ. Easy «March» can swim, when moving paddling wheels. Since the body does not sealed move is only possible for small or very calm bodies of water. The «March» has automotive certification, there is a move on the roads with hard surface.
In the complete set - power steering, heated seats, orange beacons on the top of the arc and transport wheels for racing on the highway). Also included is a huge spare wheel - standard it takes up the entire back half of the cabin, so that in the car there are only two places.
After the first sales came and the first complaint is the lack of capacity of the little salon, «Niva». By this time the VAZ began to release the mini-ven «Hope» on node «Niva», «ARMOR» created пневмоход «March-2» with a body of «Hope». Has changed not only the suspension. Sliding door on the passenger compartment brewed, leaving the front doors and the entrance is at the rear and the rear row of seats replaced by two longitudinal sofa, increasing the capacity of the machine up to 8 seats. The car was shown at the motor show in Moscow in 2003. and the company immediately received 10 orders. The first buyers of пневмохода-mini-van, steel power industry of «иентрэнерго».
When the VAZ was replaced by «Hope» for an extended 5-door «Niva» VAZ-2131, respectively, and «BRON-THE» replaced «March-2» in «March-long» (eng. Long - long).This car (first just VAZ -1922 without proper name) was created in 1995 on the subsidiary of AVTOVAZ DOG «Бронто». In a year it launched in small-batch production. So «small», so far the number of issued copies of less than a thousand. Yes and not a car it at all. According to the documents, he - off-road vehicle, in which even the TCP in the usual form is missing, only the passport of a self-propelled machine. To move on roads of General use in the «Marche» is possible only after coordination with the relevant authorities. Yes, in General, not for the road it was created. In fact, in the domestic market, he took the niche, which to him successfully mastered only craftsmen, the company «Трэкол» Yes Association «Арктиктранс». A niche is extremely narrow, but because not less demand for all kinds of «special services» such as geological exploration, oil industry workers, gas workers, МЧСников just hunters and fishermen. In a word, those who need to go where the road.
Indeed, there, where classic jeep gets stuck or in the best case will be barely crawl, ushering behind the shoulders of all the passengers of VAZ-1922 will be calm March. It will not stop even water barrier, because the car can stay out of the water though, frankly, on his appearance and did not say. Let «seaworthy» quality «March» do not go to any comparison with the possibilities of the special-purpose vehicles-amphibians, but quiet lake he is able to overcome without any problems and certainly not to drown in the river crossing Wade.
If one of the famous characters of Russian fairy tales all the strength and power were in his miracle beard, the main strength of the «March» - in his miracle-wheels. They provide the machine excellent quality: traction and flotation. These wheels are rather unusual and might even be called unique. They are based on thin-walled elastic bus extra-low pressure, produced by the Moscow firm «Трэкол». Thanks to its size (internal volume of approximately 650 litres) and the technical qualities of the car is not only able to stay afloat and overcome сверхтяжелое roads, including marshes, but also, and no less valuable, it does not damage the surface soil layer, the natural restoration of which in some Russian regions is spent not one dozen years. In such places more than six months acts prohibiting the operation of a conventional car. But the «March» is not concerned, because the pressure of its wheels on the ground does not exceed 0.1 atmosphere, so he can calmly, without any physical consequences, to move through the fallen man (confirmed experimentally). In addition, unique wheels to provide a «March» a huge ground clearance. The ability to count the bumps «belly» for it is reduced to zero.
I must say, in creating his снегоболотохода engineers «Бронто» have been wise enough. The garden of the original, forward-experimental or imported units was not steel. Without further ADO, crossed VAZ, UAZ. From the first borrowed the body is elongated own version of the three doors, and 1.7-litre carburetor engine, нивовскую «раздатку» and a gearbox from the VAZ-2108. The second donor gave creation Togliatti masters of the chassis frame, the springs and shock absorbers, on which hung УАЗовские same civil bridges. Giant пневмокатки ordered in the Association «Трэкол», specializing in the creation of not only such equipment, but also the wheels to her. It was the initial version of the SUV. It should be noted, is not the best. Firstly, the body with increased base was for the low tire pressure is too heavy, which resulted in the smallest capacity. Secondly, the conventional bridges and «eighth» transmission - not the optimal ratio. «Handouts» is too overloaded from the wrong gear ratio of the power transmission. Yes and torque at the output is not so, as we would like. In the end, to heal his child from a congenital disease design engineers «Бронто» carried out a thorough modernization. However, and in it there was no place technical novelty. Only compilation and polishing of the compatibility of one node to the other. So, civil УАЗовские bridges changed the Ulyanovsk military with built-in wheel reduction gears and, accordingly, the increase of ratio. This helped unload «раздатку» and use the power unit is entirely on «Niva»: gearbox also from the VAZ-21213. In addition, «stockings» bridges lengthened, increasing thus a rut. For high - «March» the size of the last plays very important role. Changed body, placing on the frame of a standard-door compartment, less spacious, but easy. In addition to this cardinal перекроя design, customization were, and trivia. For example, along with волговским steering appeared power of German production. On the radiator of the engine installed two additional blower motor. Worked on the УАЗовской braking system.
In the rest of the «March» was the standard. But it is compared with the first modification. On the background of the traditional representatives of the fleet this снегоболотоход all like the giant in the country of liliputians, in which each part of the body the maximum extreme. For example, fuel tanks (they also УАЗовские, the total volume of 78 liters) hanging outside on both sides of the body. The tiny original silencer attached to the place, where the standard «Niva» is the rear overhang. Small mud flaps in the engine compartment supplemented by the tarp sheets, protect the engine from dirt and moisture. Сапуны bridges, as befits a normal SUV, pulled up high, but the bridges, more precisely, their gearboxes instead of gasket sealed with a sealant. Apparently, the «Бронто» consider that in the conditions, for which was created by a machine, it is better to cope with its task, rather than the usual seal.
Initially manage the SUV driver somewhat unusual, but because of the width of the VAZ-1922, exceeding the established rules of 2.5 meters, its movement on roads of General use is only allowed with a working orange strobe light, placed on the roof. But this is a small inconvenience pales in comparison to those of the opportunities provided by the «March» to the owner, when he gets with modern highway on the far not a comfortable countryside.It should be added that experience the pleasure of off-road qualities of the car can be both in winter and in summer, as it is adapted for operation in the temperature range from -40 to +45 degrees. For confirmation of the great frost «March» in the first half of 1999 was десантирован in the North pole area, where the works successfully and to this day.
Design and management
VAZ-1922 "MARCH" - rough terrain vehicle with the wheel formula 4x4 to the pneumatic wheel propulsions extra-low pressure, manufactured with the use of units and units of the SUV NIVA-21213.
The body of the VAZ-1922, all-metal, - door, mounted on the frame of the UAZ-469 through the rubber cushions. It also includes the transmission, transfer case and engine mounts. Two of fuel tank, with a capacity of 35 liters each, are installed to the right and left of the frame under the rapids of the body.
A comfortable lounge area is designed for the convenient location of the 4 people. But for the sake of improving the buoyancy of it was removed the back seat (set in order), and his place was taken by the spare wheel in deflated, of course, condition. But it is possible to order air conditioning, auxiliary heater, the flashing orange lights and a portable Faro-seeker. The presence of hydraulic amplifier makes managing снегоболотоходом easy and pleasant. On the perimeter of the frame except the "нивовского" body established two 45-liter fuel tank. Openings for the front suspension closed tarp valves. From the "Niva" used and 1.7-litre carburetor engine, transfer case with демультипликатором. Leaf suspension is taken from the UAZ-3151. Thanks to сверхмягким wheels diagonal posting practically does not occur, but the capacity still limited.
High cross-country ability, efficiency and comfort allow супервездеходу to move freely in all climatic zones at temperature of ambient air from -40 C up to +45 C in deep snow and sand, the tundra, the marshy places and also can cross water obstacles - the huge wheels-floats do not give him even reach the threshold of the body to the water. The original construction of the stretch тонкостанных low tire pressure with a high-strength tensile cords, developed by NPF "ТРЭКОЛ", allows you to car move, without damaging the upper layers of soil and vegetation cover.
All-terrain vehicle has successfully passed the certification in the standard of RUSSIA and have the certificate of conformity № ROSS RU.MT19.B01013. Body on certification of auto techniques - mechanical vehicles, spare parts and accessories (OS-НИЦИАМТ) confirmed the full compliance of the state standard of Russia.
In 1999, the "March" has conquered the North pole and for the last five years became one of the most popular in its class. Thanks to гиганстким wheels and a huge plastic брызговикам "March" is more like American big feet, but its purpose is not entertainment, but purely practical - serve as a reliable means of transportation in extreme conditions. The car is intended for transportation of passengers and cargo, for hunters and fishermen, the Russian oil and gas industry, for all those who loves romance, who opens a new road, looking for and overcomes obstacles.
OJSC "DOG "БРОНТО" carries out full preselling preparation of car and delivery to the recipient by mutual agreement, as well as ensures elimination of malfunctions and replacement of parts, prematurely released from the system fault of his own, in the period of 12 months without mileage limitation from the date of transfer of the vehicle to the buyer subject to the rules of operation stated in the operating instructions and the service record.
In spite of the very eccentric appearance, in the design of VAZ-1922 not so many of the original details. - Door all-metal body was taken from the serial «Niva». It has two front seats. Himself the body of the rubber pads on a solid metal frame, to which are attached to the power unit, bridges and suspension. The engine and transmission are derived from the same «Niva». It can be concluded that «the March» - a car with permanent all-wheel drive, with a five-speed gearbox, two-stage «раздаткой» and locking centre differential. And front and rear suspension is made of spring. In the database under a body placed two fuel tanks with a total capacity of 70 litres. Head lights are not installed on the side of the grille, as it is in serial «Niva», and in the standard for «БРОНТО» lattice-отбойнике, which is mounted on the frame of the car.
As additional equipment, the future owner of the «March» offer the rear seats for passengers in the second row), air conditioning, portable Faro-seeker and power steering. From the latter does not worth to refuse.
But, of course, the most basic attribute of the Rover, which gives him originality and is a primary factor всепроходимости - this wheel. On the original disks with «бэдлоками» attached «rubber» absolutely great dimension 1300x600-533. A 51 inch! The dream of any джипера! Of course, for the sake of all wheels and intended. However, thin-walled small, with a checkered tread, despite its huge size, they would have only trivial «лаптями»if not for their suitability to the safety extra-low pressure. The super-, Hyper-, супернизкому pressure. At the rate at 0.5 kgf/sq. cm minimum allowable can reach up to 0,05 kgf/sq. cm. In this case, tubeless tires, covered with folds on the sidewall, plasteel on the surface, into a kind of caterpillars. Exaggerated, of course, the comparison, however, it is almost so. The area of contact with the ground grows, the «rubber» four лепехами rests on the ground, out of the ordinary wheels transformed into something formless. With such spots contact «March» can March and in deep snow, продавливая what a miserable his centimeters, and the swamp, where even a human foot gets stuck on the knee. Besides супербаллоны give SUV positive buoyancy. Tested on the ice of lake Baikal, through which it was necessary to fail, and greatly afraid. Nothing, not drowned. Immersed themselves above the mid-and hub, and remained on the market. In all it appears that the «Niva»-«March» is a kind of всепроходящим means of transport, the absolute panacea from our off-road? Perhaps, it is worth it to check out.
Unfortunately, the owner was not a compressor, a system of centralized tire machine deprived. However, in order to find a suitable off-the-road, we had to make a breakthrough on the road, but the acceptable minimum pressure speed should not exceed 20 km/h., and so I wanted to check the all-terrain vehicle in all modes. Pump the same great big wheel is engaged in a long and tiring fizzaryadkoy, pressure albeit a small, however the volume of air inside, like a balloon. Well, limit ourselves to a standard pressure, still interesting to check the «March», depriving it of its main trump card. The more it would be entertaining at least in absentia to compare this снегоболотоход with «Boar», which during the time of our trophy-RAID in the port Baikal, I remember, also could not «go down» to your current minimum.Climb into the cockpit, implicitly acknowledging that something in this process, «March» is even simpler than the standard «Niva». First, helps developing trip, then large space just below the edge of the door. Here and the handle is comfortable. On arrival at the place you find yourself in a meter with more above the ground. Unusually close friend нивовская the door, asphalt away somewhere far away. In this росточке and positive buoyancy salon not exactly filled with the Ford, and snorkel not a necessity. By the way, the interior designers have left practically without changes. Practically, because the rear seats on the first copies of it is set only on request) decently shifted back. Removed unnecessary now arches, as a result of sitting can be three feet and stretch the entire length of the. Remade бронтовские the master and the trunk. From the offset back of the couch, he seriously lost in the volume. To at least a little bit to restore the status quo, had to надставить it at the bottom, having deep, but narrow niche. Capacity of this has increased, but the convenience of loading-unloading deteriorated. Try to get or put a heavy piece of baggage for more than a meter high. Well, that engineers have refused from the initial variant, when the full-size (!) spare wheel is located right in the passenger compartment, on the place of the rear seats. Now it is on external sling.
And here's the off-road: the field with more than полуметровым layer of snow and decent snow drifts. Well, let's, «March», March. With the acceleration of the car slams into the soft haze and, scattering the snow-flakes, rides with a few dozen feet. Next classic motor, choking on an elevated, can no longer push the car forward. Wheels, faced with snow shaft, paw in the soft snow, giant jumping on the spot. Logical stupor? No, in the next moment, I see something that has already observed during the RAID in the port Baikal, where the road Toril «wild boar». The car turned back and again tries to your протекторный clove of heavy barrier. Oh, a little too small clove - осилив still meter, SUV rises up again. I can say with some certainty - in this position тальянский monster would feel confident. All the same it was weak in the torque of the VAZ unit. Although not too great the total mass (total of 2100 kg), ньютоно-meters is not enough. Besides, as you know, the peak torque in Togliatti engine accounts for relatively high speeds. Even at reduced the negative impact. Traction is not enough as in such conditions, as and when jumping in Gorki. Where UAZ flew would even on the top row, «Niva»-«March» shut and hearing, demanding «понижайки». No, with this engine unique vehicle loses some of its off-highway attractiveness, losing a number of off-road qualities. Twist-it is not нивовские gearboxes, and УАЗовские. Transmission losses there. However, the so чахленького motor I did not expect to see and what he has revealed. Sure, all thanks to well-planned transfer relations. This can already be considered a success. Get a similar maximum from cars on the essence of the unit, which is designed to work with полуторами tons of weight, it is the result of correct engineering. However, when it comes to off-road driving, our engineers know perfectly well. And know how to create all-terrain vehicles.
In addition to the lack of't like the relationship wheels coated. Yes, in the not deflated condition is absolutely not developed грунтозацепы allow a decent spin. Don't know how in the mud, but riding on the snow cover is very painful. This is especially felt, when you have to handle through the mounds. Strongly nothing to catch.
Negative result is a picture. But let's not forget that initially, «Niva»-«March» and is not designed to move with the pressure in the wheels of the 0,5 kgf/sq. cm. More precisely, it is calculated only for road racing and light off-road use. And in those conditions, under which it was designed, that is, in supercomplex conditions, to move with such pressure, it is probably unrealistic to any engine and arbitrarily developed tread. At the same time the flat cylinders, as the owner of the car already all the same, how many under the hood cylinders and how the graph is the torque curve. The machine is crawling on the top, like a ship on an air pillow. Aggressive tread in this case, by the way, just for the harm is more friction in the system, the more resistance, the greater взрыхляется coating which should only slightly продавливаться.
However, there are places where the ground is hard, but the road is still present. For example, the ridges of boulders or hemp-ditches. Feel what I'm getting at? Yes, the geometric patency is one of the essential qualities of this «rogue». And with her in a «Niva»-«March» everything is in order. 510 mm under картерами gearboxes, 710 mm under the «раздаткой». What else do you need for a successful taking natural bastions, which, certainly, will not fall лифтованным jeeps? Perhaps, lock automatic brake differential, of which the machine is deprived? But with the vast moves the wheels «дифлоки» not a necessity. Everywhere tires would reach out.
And the last. Going behind the wheel quite a bit, I felt a huge load wheel «Boar» closer and more convenient нивовского a bagel. Why? To be honest, I did not understand. But тальянский the beast seemed to me сбалансированней on driving performance and easier to manage. Besides brakes in «the March of the not-very - RAM pedal have greatly. We should get used. And yet it is vital comparative test of Togliatti monster with тальянским. Why do with it? Yes, because, in spite of the significant differences in design, the concept of both cross-country vehicles fully identical. Both are put on a pneumatic extra-low pressure, though the latter is distinguished by 0.15 kgf/sq. cm. And most importantly, I both for himself and not decided who is the best «easy rider».
Technical characteristics of
VAZ 1922
The body of the VAZ 1922 1.7
Type: SUV
Number of doors: 3
Number of seats: 2
Engine VAZ 1922 1.7
Engine location: Front, longitudinal
Working volume, CC.: 1690
Number of cylinders: 4
Cylinder location: Inline
Valves per cylinder: 2
Power system: the Carburetor
The presence of the boost: no
Power, h.p. (kW) at rpm: 79 at 5200
Torque, N/m at rpm: 127 when 3200
Transmission VAZ 1922 1.7
Type of drive: Direct drive on all wheels
Type of gearbox: Mechanical
Number of gears: 5
Chassis VAZ 1922 1.7
Front suspension: Spring
Rear suspension: Spring
Brakes front: Disc
Brakes rear: Drum
The presence of abs: no
The presence of Brake Assist: no
Stability system: no
Traction control: no
Bus standard:
Disks, standard equipment:
Steering VAZ 1922 1.7
Type: Worm gears
Power steering: D
Dimensions, weight, volume VAZ 1922 1.7
Length, mm.: 4250
Width, mm.: 2780
Height, mm.: 2430
Wheelbase, mm.: 2500
Track wheel, front/rear mm.: 1430/1400
Ground clearance, mm.: 510
Turning circle, m.: 10.8
Curb weight, kg.: 1700
Permissible total weight, kg.: 2100
Volume trunk min./max. l.: -/-
Weight of towed trailer, equipped with brakes (kg):
Fuel tank volume, l.: 70
The dynamic characteristics of the VAZ 1922 1.7
Acceleration from a standstill to 100 km/h.: 17
Maximum speed, km/h: 70
Fuel consumption and toxicity of VAZ 1922 1.7
The average conditional fuel consumption, l/100 km.:
The city, l/100 km.:
Highway, l/100 km.:
Type and brand of fuel: Gasoline AI-95
Toxicity of exhaust gases in the CO2 in g/km:
To comply with the limits emission.
The body of the VAZ 1922 1.7
Type: SUV
Number of doors: 3
Number of seats: 2
Engine VAZ 1922 1.7
Engine location: Front, longitudinal
Working volume, CC.: 1690
Number of cylinders: 4
Cylinder location: Inline
Valves per cylinder: 2
Power system: the Carburetor
The presence of the boost: no
Power, h.p. (kW) at rpm: 79 at 5200
Torque, N/m at rpm: 127 when 3200
Transmission VAZ 1922 1.7
Type of drive: Direct drive on all wheels
Type of gearbox: Mechanical
Number of gears: 5
Chassis VAZ 1922 1.7
Front suspension: Spring
Rear suspension: Spring
Brakes front: Disc
Brakes rear: Drum
The presence of abs: no
The presence of Brake Assist: no
Stability system: no
Traction control: no
Bus standard:
Disks, standard equipment:
Steering VAZ 1922 1.7
Type: Worm gears
Power steering: D
Dimensions, weight, volume VAZ 1922 1.7
Length, mm.: 4250
Width, mm.: 2780
Height, mm.: 2430
Wheelbase, mm.: 2500
Track wheel, front/rear mm.: 1430/1400
Ground clearance, mm.: 510
Turning circle, m.: 10.8
Curb weight, kg.: 1700
Permissible total weight, kg.: 2100
Volume trunk min./max. l.: -/-
Weight of towed trailer, equipped with brakes (kg):
Fuel tank volume, l.: 70
The dynamic characteristics of the VAZ 1922 1.7
Acceleration from a standstill to 100 km/h.: 17
Maximum speed, km/h: 70
Fuel consumption and toxicity of VAZ 1922 1.7
The average conditional fuel consumption, l/100 km.:
The city, l/100 km.:
Highway, l/100 km.:
Type and brand of fuel: Gasoline AI-95
Toxicity of exhaust gases in the CO2 in g/km:
To comply with the limits emission.
Sources: